ggfoundry was inspired a little by Stack Overflow posts seeking specific shapes. But, in truth, mostly by a personal interest in getting acquainted with grid graphics (the underpinnings of ggplot2).
Yes, there is already a seemingly near-infinite number of shapes out there, the capabilities of which we’ll contrast in a moment:
But sometimes you just can’t find what you want. Or manipulate it in the way you would like.
ggfoundry offers arbitrary hand-crafted colourable and fillable shapes for ggplot2.
New shapes may be feature requested via a Github issue.
These artisanal symbols begin life as hand-drawn vector images with
two layers: an outline and a fill. Each SVG pair is converted to Cairo
graphics format, forged at extreme temperatures into objects of class
“Picture”, and finally delicately cast as a gTree
representation of the original shape. But not quite back to where we
started, because they are now editable.
When cooled and finely burnished, the gTree
and all its
grob children may then be manipulated by geom_casting()
to
render the desired ggplot with those special high-end adornments.
The extensive range of unicodes is a great option. They are colourable and appear in the legend.
library(ggfoundry)
library(tibble)
library(patchwork)
random_walk <- \(x, y, z) cumsum(rnorm(x, mean = y, sd = sqrt(z)))
set.seed(123)
df <- tibble(
x = rep(1:10, 3),
y = c(
random_walk(10, 1, 1),
random_walk(10, 2, 1.2),
random_walk(10, 3, 1.3)
),
group = factor(c(rep(1, 10), rep(2, 10), rep(3, 10)))
)
p <- df |>
ggplot(aes(x, y, shape = group, colour = group, fill = group)) +
geom_line(show.legend = FALSE) +
scale_colour_manual(values = c("darkred", "darkblue", "darkgreen")) +
scale_fill_manual(values = c("pink", "lightgreen", "skyblue")) +
theme_bw() +
theme(plot.subtitle = element_text(size = 10))
p1 <- p +
geom_casting(size = 0.15) +
annotate("label", x = 2.5, y = 22, label = "Baby\ngeoms") +
scale_shape_manual(values = c("violin", "box", "dendro")) +
labs(
title = "ggfoundry",
subtitle = "On-request colourable fillable shapes"
)
p2 <- p +
geom_point(size = 4) +
scale_shape_manual(values = c("\u25BC","\u25CF","\u25B2")) +
labs(
title = "geom_point with unicodes",
subtitle = "Range of colourable-only symbols"
)
p1 + p2 + plot_layout(guides = "collect", axes = "collect")
Icons are also a great option, e.g. for brands. One way to use these as ggplot points is via the showtext and ggtext packages. They too are colourable, but the fill is for the surrounding label rather than the symbol itself. The legend reflects the use of the richtext geom, i.e. shows letters.
library(showtext)
library(ggtext)
font_add("fa-solid", "Font_Awesome_6_Brands-Regular-400.otf")
showtext_auto()
p2 <- p +
geom_richtext(
aes(label = "<span style='font-family: \"fa-solid\"'></span>"),
size = 5, label.colour = NA,
) +
labs(
title = "ggtext with icons",
subtitle = paste0(
"Colourable icons; label fill; ",
"text legend"
)
)
p1 + p2 + plot_layout(guides = "collect", axes = "collect")
ggimage is a great option for full images, e.g. png files. Country flags, company logos and sports team badges are good example use-cases, as rendering the full image as-is is often the desired outcome.
library(ggimage)
df <- tribble(
~x, ~y,
5, 5,
6, 6,
7, 7,
8, 8
)
p <- df |>
ggplot(aes(x, y, shape = factor(x), fill = factor(x))) +
geom_col() +
scale_fill_viridis_d() +
scale_y_continuous(limits = c(NA, 9)) +
theme_bw() +
theme(plot.subtitle = element_text(size = 10))
p1 <- p +
geom_casting(size = 0.3, aes(colour = factor(x))) +
geom_text(aes(label = x, colour = factor(x)), show.legend = FALSE) +
annotate("label", x = 5.5, y = 8, label = "Polygons") +
scale_shape_manual(values = c("pentagon", "hexagon", "heptagon", "octagon")) +
scale_colour_viridis_d(direction = -1) +
labs(
title = "ggfoundry",
subtitle = "Arbitrary hand-crafted fillable shapes"
)
p2 <- p +
geom_flag(size = 0.1, image = c("DE", "FR", "CA", "US")) +
labs(
title = "ggimage",
subtitle = "Any as-is whole picture, e.g. png"
)
p1 + p2 + plot_layout(guides = "collect", axes = "collect")
Where existing symbols are not fillable, there are possible strategies to achieve a similar effect using only colour and compromising a little on the legend:
library(ggfx)
df <- tribble(
~x, ~y, ~label,
5, 5, "+",
6, 6, "x"
)
p <- df |>
ggplot(aes(x, y, shape = factor(x), fill = factor(x))) +
geom_col(alpha = 0.5) +
scale_y_continuous(limits = c(NA, 7)) +
scale_fill_viridis_d() +
scale_colour_viridis_d(direction = -1) +
theme_bw() +
theme(plot.subtitle = element_text(size = 9))
p1 <- p +
geom_casting(size = 0.7, aes(colour = factor(x))) +
geom_text(aes(label = x, colour = factor(x)), show.legend = FALSE) +
annotate("label", x = 5, y = 6.5, label = "Crosses") +
scale_shape_manual(values = c("cross2", "cross1")) +
labs(
title = "ggfoundry",
subtitle = "Hand-crafted fillable shapes"
)
p2 <- p +
geom_text(aes(label = label), colour = "#22A884", fontface = "bold",
size = 24, show.legend = FALSE) +
geom_text(aes(label = label, colour = factor(x)),
size = 20, show.legend = FALSE) +
geom_text(aes(label = x), colour = "grey60", nudge_y = -0.15,
size = 3, show.legend = FALSE) +
labs(
title = "Cunning strategy 1",
subtitle = "Superimposed layers"
)
p3 <- p +
with_outer_glow(geom_text(aes(label = label, colour = factor(x)),
size = 22, show.legend = FALSE,
), sigma = 0, expand = 8, colour = "#22A884") +
geom_text(aes(label = x), colour = "grey60", nudge_y = -0.15,
size = 3, show.legend = FALSE) +
labs(
title = "Cunning strategy 2",
subtitle = "Photoshop-style outer glow"
)
p1 + p2 + p3 + plot_layout(guides = "collect", axes = "collect")
Making your own grob with grid graphics is a further option. Then use
ggpp and
geom_grob()
to add the appropriate layer. A circle is used
here as a very basic example.
library(ggpp)
library(grid)
df <- tibble(
x = 5:6, y = 5:6,
grob = c(
list(circleGrob(r = 0.7, gp = gpar(
col = "#fde725",
fill = "#440154",
lwd = 4
))),
list(circleGrob(r = 0.7, gp = gpar(
col = "#440154",
fill = "#fde725",
lwd = 4
)))
)
)
p <- df |>
ggplot(aes(x, y, shape = factor(x), fill = factor(x))) +
geom_col(alpha = 0.5) +
scale_y_continuous(limits = c(NA, 7)) +
scale_fill_viridis_d() +
scale_colour_viridis_d(direction = -1) +
theme_bw()
p1 <- p +
geom_casting(size = 0.7, aes(colour = factor(x))) +
annotate("label", x = 5.5, y = 8, label = "Circles") +
scale_shape_manual(values = c("circleL", "circleR")) +
labs(
title = "ggfoundry",
subtitle = "Hand-crafted fillable shapes"
)
p2 <- p +
geom_grob(aes(x, y, label = grob)) +
labs(
title = "Grob DIY",
subtitle = "Lower-level graphics"
)
p1 + p2 + plot_layout(guides = "collect", axes = "collect")
In summary, ggfoundry may be the destination of “last resort”!
After travelling the mountains, seas and forests of the world in search of that elusive shape (or small set), a hand-made grob may be the fillable “Holy Grail” sought via a Github issue.
These modest starter sets are included with the package. You can “mix
and match” shapes from different sets; the “set” is for grouping shapes
in the documentation and for use in shapes_cast()
to filter
for the desired shapes.
Without the pivotal grConvert (Potter 2024) and grImport2 (Potter and Murrell 2023) packages, the foundry process would not have been viable. And only thanks to the work behind ggplot2 (Wickham 2016), may the shapes cast be so beautifully visualised.